Slackers

182 notes
 * Psychological and physical effects of music**

intro- Music is one of the most inspirational forms of art. It is rhythm, melody and harmony .it has variety of sounds. Music can make people have different feelings and sensations as they listen to the lyrics. It penetrates straight into the soul and into the subconscious. TC

** ** W.H. W.H.
 * The best music . . . is essentially there to provide you something to face **
 * the world with. **
 * —Bruce Springsteen W.H
 * Music can change the world. **
 * —Ludwig van Beethoven W.H
 * Music is spiritual. The music business is not. **
 * —Van Morrison **
 * in a study conducted at all grade levels, music media were preferred over television (which placed second overall).

In a study of over 600 eighth and ninth graders from public and private schools in Minnesota (Gentile, Lynch, Linder, & Walsh, in press), children reported spending an average of almost 21 hours per week listening to music, compared to 25 hours per week watching television. WH

it is likely that most studies underestimate the amount of time children and adolescentsmay listen to music, because music is so often a secondary background activityfor many other activities, such as reading, studying, talking, driving, and doing housework. W.H.

Amount of listening is not uniform across all groups of youth. First, age makes a big difference: adolescents devote more time to music than schoolage children, and older adolescents devote more time to music than younger adolescents. WH

Girls also tend to listen more than boys, at least once adolescence is reached. Although research on grade schoolers finds no significant sexcorrelated differences in amount of listening this picture begins to change about the time children enter middle school. By high school, girls listen substantially more than boys do, and African American youth tend to listen more than whites. W.H  Some have suggested that while the emotional uses of popular music are Important, the social uses and meanings provide the real key to understanding its niche in the lives of youth. WH   music replaces or invokes the presence of absent peers in order to relieve feelings of loneliness. For example, in   a study of college students, two-thirds reported listening either “somewhat frequently” or “very frequently” to “make me feel less alone when I’m by   myself” (Gantz, Gartenberg, Pearson, & Schiller, 1978). Solitary music listening may also perform a   number of “delayed” social uses (Lull, 1987), by preparing youth for future peer interactions and relationships. There is a strong connection between interest in popular music and peer orientation. To a large extent, those who know nothing about pop culture or current music trends are relegated to the periphery of youth culture. Conversely, adolescent pop music “experts” tend to have more friends and enjoy enhanced status in the adolescent social structure (Adoni, 1978; Brown & O’Leary, 1971; Dominick, 1974).WH   (Adoni, 1978; Brown & O’Leary, 1971; Dominick, 1974). By // socializing // uses, we mean two broad types of uses: (1) those that occur within the context of a social occasion, and (2) those that help to define social boundaries (Christenson & Roberts, 1998). WH

Social occasions may take various forms (Lull, 1987). In romantic dyads, music is used to accompany courtship and sexual behavior. In friendships, music often provides a basis for the initial bond, and often helps to maintain the relationship. In larger gatherings, such as parties, dances, or clubs, music reduces inhibitions, attracts attention and approval, provides topics for conversation, and encourages dancing. WH   Music also works at a more diffuse social level to define the important subgroups in adolescent culture and to identify who belongs to them. WH   though it is far from the only cue about group membership—school performance, extracurricular interests, social background, clothing, and other elements of personal style figure in too—an adolescent’s music affiliation says much about his or her social affiliation. WH   For many youth, the type of music one listens to helps to define oneself and one’s in-group. WH   // Music style, // defined as the selection of a certain type of music and a personal style to go with it, is one of the most powerful identifying markers in the school crowd structure. WH   Within any high school it is usually easy to classify many subgroups of adolescents according to their music preferences (e.g., “metalheads,” “goths,” “alternatives,” “hip-hop,” “punkers,”   “rastas,” etc.). WH   These labels may change as music changes, but the underlying processes of adolescent subcultures are likely to remain the same. WH   In middle childhood, especially after age eight, children begin to become more interested in popular music. WH   This interest increases through adolescence. WH   Two of the key developmental tasks of middle childhood are (1) to learn how to be accepted by peers and to build loyal friendships, and (2) to consolidate the self-concept (especially   in terms of “which group do I belong to?”). Popular music serves these goals very well. WH   As has been mentioned, popular music often can serve as the initial basis for friendships, and is important for peer acceptance. WH   In adolescence, two key developmental tasks are (1) to learn to build intimate relationships (both same-sex and cross-sex), and (2) to develop a personal identity (in terms of “how am I different from   others?”). Popular music continues to serve these goals well, by becoming part of the social backdrop for exploring feelings of intimacy and by defining in-groups and out-groups along lines of musical preferences. WH   When asked why they like to listen to music, youth rarely list the lyrics as    the main reason. Usually it is something about the “sound” of the music that attracts them. WH   lyrics are far from irrelevant—they are mentioned as    a primary gratification by a significant number of youth and a secondary gratification by most. WH   In one study (Rouner, 1990), high school students were asked to rank music against several other possible sources of moral and social guidance, including parents, teachers, friends, church leaders, and coworkers. Sixteen percent ranked music among the top three sources of moral guidance, and 24 percent placed music in the top three for information on social interaction. For better or worse, then, lyrics are often attended to, processed, discussed, memorized, and even taken to heart. WH   Given the controversy surrounding antisocial themes that are sometimes present in heavy metal and rap lyrics, it is important to note that heavy metal and rap fans report much higher levels of interest and attention to lyrics than do teens in general. WH   Two general patterns seem to emerge from the research on attention to lyrics: First, the more // important // music is to an adolescent, the more importance he or she places on   lyrics relative to other elements of music gratification. Second, attention to   lyrics is highest among fans of // oppositional // or controversial music (whether it    be 1960s protest folk or rock or the heavy metal and rap of today). In other words, the more defiant, alienated, and threatening to the mainstream a music type is, the more closely its fans follow the words (Christenson & Roberts,   1998). WH   Most of the criticism aimed at current popular music stems from the assumption that “content” (i.e., the attitudes, values, and behaviors portrayed   in lyrics) may influence how young listeners think and act. WH   Not surprisingly, it is a concern that emphasizes the negatives, such as violence, misogyny, racism, suicide, Satanism, and substance abuse. WH   Articles have even been written with headlines like “Hard rock music creates killer mice!” based on high school science-fair experiments in   which groups of mice were trained to run mazes. Groups of mice listened to   classical music, hard rock, or no music. The classical mice became faster in   running the maze, whereas the hard rock mice became slower. The student performing the study stated, “I had to cut my project short because all the hard-rock mice killed each other. . . . None of the classical mice did that” (Eaton, 1997; Health, Wealth, & Happiness, n.d.). WH    Regardless of the merits of such alarmist reports, it is difficult to deny that music has become more aggressive and edgy over the decades. WH   In 1958, the Everly Brothers sang, “When I want you in my arms, all I have to do is   dream.” Twenty-eight years later, the message had been simplified to, “Hey, we want some pussy” (2 Live Crew, 1986). WH   Claims that popular song lyrics pose a danger implicitly assume that young people interpret songs in much the same way that adult critics do. WH   That is, for violent lyrics to promote youth violence or for substance use portrayals to encourage experimentation with illicit drugs, young audiences presumably must find violent or substancerelated messages in the songs. WH   Indeed, to be truly “influenced,” young people may need to go a step farther and connect such messages to their own lives. WH   what young people make of popular songs depends not only on what the lyric brings to them, but also on what they bring to the lyric. WH   Given the rhetoric that controversies often breed, it is perhaps not surprising that many people assume that the idea of media effects is synonymous with the idea of “massive and uniform” effects. WH   A focus on massive, uniform effects confuses “massive” and “uniform” with “important.” WH   Effects do not need to affect large numbers of people to be important. Effects may vary for different people, but still be important. WH   Research has found that different subgroups interpret music lyrics in different ways. Yet, this does not necessarily make the effects unimportant. WH   for children without preexisting risk factors, or for those who have a number of protective factors, music with themes of suicide or violence is likely to have little short-term effect. WH   A number of correlational studies report positive associations between exposures to heavy metal music and a variety of troublesome attitudes and behaviors. WH   Heavy metal music in particular has a high proportion of violent, sexual, and misogynistic themes. WH   Fans of heavy metal music do tend to possess different characteristics from other youth.WH   With regard to school, heavy metal fans report more conflict with teachers and other school authorities and perform less well academically than those whose tastes run more to the mainstream (Christenson & van Nouhuys, 1995; Hakanen & Wells, 1993). WH

According to Arnett (1991a, 1991b), hard-core heavy metal fans tend to be   driven by a generalized tendency to seek sensation and thrills and a need to    engage in a variety of risky behaviors, more or less “to see what it would be    like.” WH    In accord with this thesis, he reports differences between heavy metal fans and non-fans not only in their expression of sensation-seeking motivations generally but also in their self-reports of specific reckless behaviors, including drunk driving, casual sex, and marijuana and cocaine use. WH   Youth in juvenile detention were three times as likely as regular high school students to be metal fans (Wass, Miller, & Reditt, 1991). WH

roberts, christenson, gentile, donald, peter, douglas. "The Effects of Violent Music on Children and Adolescents." 11/13/08 .

Musicians have always used music as a way to deliver a message or belief. Many rap artists have grown up in tough neighborhoods, and their surroundings influence their music. T.C. "Direct Essays." 2002-2008. 11/13/08 . We have used mucis to express ourselves, tell stories, and let others into our thoughts. T.C "Free Essays." 2003. 11/13/08 . music makes unplesant feelings in many ways. like when you go to the dentist and you have to get a root canal and you are a little scard,but then you hear the drill and you think about it going into your teeth and you freak out. M.H. it isn’t music, or the videos, but the environment the teen grows up in. Whether it’s school or parenting, something happened to the teen along the way that just screwed their head up. T.C
 * Snoop Doggy Dogg and Tupac Shakur are both "gangsta rappers" who's songs contain explicit lyrics and who have been indicted for criminal activity. T.C.

In a series of five experiments involving over 500 college students, researchers from Iowa State University and the Texas Department of Human Services examined the effects of seven violent songs by seven artists and eight nonviolent songs by seven artists. T.C

The students listened to the songs and were given various psychological tasks to measure aggressive thoughts and feelings. One such task involved participants classifying words that can have both aggressive and nonaggressive meanings, such as rock and stick. T.C

The violent and nonviolent songs were sung by the same artists and were in the same musical style in three of the experiments. In the two other experiments, the researchers tested the arousal properties of the songs to make sure the violent-lyric effects were not due to differences in arousal. T.C

Also, individual personality differences related to hostility were assessed and controlled. The study also included songs with humorous lyrics to see how humor interacted with violent song lyrics and aggressive thoughts. T.C

Results of the five experiments show that violent songs led to more aggressive interpretations of ambiguously aggressive words T.C

humorous violent songs increased aggressive thoughts. T.C

Repeated exposure to violent lyrics may contribute to the development of an aggressive personality and could indirectly create a more hostile social environment T.C

John the Great. "Epinions." 1999-2008. AR. 11/13/08 .

music affects the way you breath and react to music. like if you lissen to fast music then you will respond to that music.M.H music affects respiration.everyday breathing is a rhythme.M.H music affects other things such as: # heartsbeat THE HEARTS RESPONDS TO MUSIC JUST LIKE WE DO! M.H
 * 1) pulse
 * 2) blood presure M.H

MUSIC CAN REGULATE STRESS-RELATED HORMONES M.H

the level of stree goses down if you lissen to relaxing music. M.H

"We can't edit out the art that makes us uncomfortable."- // National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences President // Michael Greene T.C goddamn your righteous hand i eat innocent meat the housewife i will beat the prolife i will kill what you won't do i will... i throw a little fit i slit my teenage wrist the most that i can learn is in records that you burn //Marilyn Manson "Get Your Gunn" T.C

// Slut, you think I won't choke no whore til the vocal cords don't work in her throat no more?!... Texas Chainsaw, left his brains all danglin from his neck while his head barely hangs on Blood, guts, guns, cuts Knives, lives, wives, nuns, sluts //Eminem "Kill You" T.C//

I hope you know I ripped all of your pictures off the wall I love you Slim, we coulda been together, think about it You ruined it now, I hope you can't sleep and you dream about it And when you dream I hope you can't sleep and you scream about it I hope your conscience EATS AT YOU and you can't BREATHE without me...Hey Slim, that's my girlfriend screamin in the trunk but I didn't slit her throat, I just tied her up, see I ain't like you cause if she suffocates she'll suffer more, and then she'll die too //Eminem "Stan" T.C//

The Parents Music Resource Center states that American adolescents listen to approximately 10,500 hours of rock music between the periods of 7th to 12th grades - this is a mere 500 hours less than the amount of time spent in school over the entire 12 years. T.C - Entertainment Monitor reported that in 1995 only 10 of the top 40 popular compact discs on sale during the holiday season were void of profanity or lyrics dealing with violence, sex, and drugs.T.C

- Several studies have found that parents are often unaware of the lyrics in the songs that their children are listening to.T.C

- In 1998, research concluded music videos were more violent than feature films and television, averaging four violent scenes each T.C

- In 1997, a study found that 22.4% of MTV video contained violence and 25% depicted weapon carrying. T.C

Of sixth grade boys, 29% listened to the radio for two or more hours a day. Of sixth grade girls, the number was 44%. T.C <span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,217)">- In 1985, 56% of sixth grade boys and 48% of sixth grade girls owned their own record player or tape recorder. T.C  <span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,217)">- It was found that child audio use was found to be more solitary than television watching. T.C <span style="COLOR: rgb(0,128,0)"><span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,217)">Christenson, P.G., DeBenedittis, P., & Lindlof, T.R. (1985). __Children’s Use of Audio Media. Communication Research, 12__(3), 327-343.

<span style="COLOR: rgb(237,100,100)">Research has shown that males who listen to heavy metal music endorse more stereotypical, negative attitudes toward women that men who listen to easy-listening music. T.C <span style="COLOR: rgb(0,128,0)">St. Lawrence, J.S. & Joyner, D.J. (1991). The Effects of Sexually Violent Rock Music on Male’s Acceptance of Violence Against Women. __Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15__, 49-63.

- <span style="COLOR: rgb(134,51,240)">A study found that children who preferred heavy metal music reported higher levels of reckless behavior (ie. driving at overly fast speeds, driving while drunk, vandalism). T.C  <span style="COLOR: rgb(134,51,240)">- It was found that parents do not frequently object to the music their children listen to, even if it is music that they themselves find offensive and unacceptable. T.C <span style="COLOR: rgb(0,128,0)"><span style="COLOR: rgb(134,51,240)">Arnett, J. (1992). The Soundtrack of Recklessness: Musical Preferences and Reckless Behavior Among Adolescents. __Journal of Adolescent Research, 7__(3), 313-331.

Adolescents who were exposed to violent music videos later expressed a greater acceptance of violence. T.C

- Adolescents who were exposed to violent music videos also reported a higher probability that they would take part in violence, in comparison than adolescents in a control group. T.C - Those who were exposed to violent music videos, in comparison with those in the control condition possessed more acceptance of violence toward women. T.C <span style="COLOR: rgb(0,128,0)">Johnson, J.D., Jackson, L.A., & Gatto, L. (1995). Violent attitudes and Deferred Academic Aspirations: Deleterious Effects of Exposure to Rap Music. __Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 16__, 27-41.

- <span style="COLOR: rgb(143,244,11)">A study found that when comparing adolescents who listened to heavy metal music, pop music, and classical music, those who preferred classical music had the lowest score on a delinquency scale, and those who preferred heavy metal had the highest score. T.C - It was found that adolescents that listened to heavy metal had low levels of parental supervision and higher rates of delinquency. T.C

<span style="COLOR: rgb(0,128,0)">Singer, S.I., Levine, M.& Jou, S. (1993). Heavy Metal Music Preference, Delinquent Friends, Social Control, and Delinquency. __Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 30__(3), 317-329. Many adults make the clain that some of this music causes violence like "big man with a gun" by nine inch nails. T.C

Violent music can only stir emotions in a person. T.C

If a person commits a crime thats their own fault. T.C Music Affects the mood MH ---

>Music affects many parts of the body i.e. Blood pressure, and it reduces muscle tension KM

>Music can affect the brain wave activity KM

>Normal tempo music has about 60 beats per min. The beat changes the amount of hertz in brain wave activity

>When you listen to up beat and hyper music it can change Beta waves in to Alpha waves making you more high strung. KM

>Slow beats, like a stead, slow, drum beat can change brain waves into theta, making your conscious more alert KM

>There was a study in 1991 at Colorado Sate University that proved music affected you mood. KM

>It affected the mood of the people and there motivation KM

>Music can affect to body temperature KM

>Music with hard fast beats can raise the body temperature a few degrees KM

>Music with soft music and weak betas can lower the body temperature KM

>Music can change our perception of Time and space KM

"Music's Affects on the Human Body" 11/13/08 < http://hs.riverdale.k12.or.us/~dthompso/exhib_03/jasonc/Music%27s_Affects_on_the_Human_Body.html >

Jacques Attali Writes : "Noise is violence: it disturbs. To make noise is to interrupt a transmission, to disconnect, to kill. It is a simulacrum of murder. Music is a channelization of noise, and therefore a simulacrum of the sacrifice. It is thus a sublimation, an exacerbation of the imaginary, at the same time as the creation of social order and political integration." T.C

<span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman,Times,Serif">**The “storm and stress” concept of adolescent development, which depicts adolescence as a time of turmoil and //angst// (anxiety and depression), really derives from 18th and 19th century Romanticism and was utilized in the developmental theories of [|psychoanalysis].** T.C <span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman,Times,Serif"><span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman,Times,Serif"><span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman,Times,Serif">=<span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman,Times,Serif">  = <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman,Times,Serif"><span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)">**Maybe, as Pogo said, “. . . the enemy. . . is us.”** <span style="COLOR: rgb(0,65,254)">[[|1]] <span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"> **Maybe the root of all childhood disobedience is to be found in parental hypocrisy: the lack of genuine parental values and the ultimate [|fraud] of all authority that is based in nothing but moral emptiness. T.C** <span style="COLOR: rgb(92,92,101)"> **Yes, a child can grow up in a wealthy family with a half-million dollar house and for all outward appearances look normal and happy. So what’s the problem? Maybe the problem has to do with parents: T.C

-**<span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**who are so busy accumulating wealth that they never have time to talk to you;TC

-**<span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**who trample on their neighbors and colleagues in order to get a few steps ahead;TC

-**<span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**who never touch you in kindness or sit down to eat with you;TC

-**<span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**who never bother to ask you what you are thinking or feeling;TC

-**<span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**who have shattered your family security with their adultery and divorce;TC

-**<span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**who are so much a product of our permissive society that they have forsaken self-restraint and self-discipline and cannot even punish you when you do something wrong. TC

imagine: a child who has everything, but really nothing. How could he have committed such a crime? TC**

when people listen to rap music they often paint a picture in their heads of black men cussing, guns, marijuana, lots of gold, and girls looking like prostitutes. TC

Parents and teachers put an image in their kids head that Rap music is bad, and they don`t want their kids to be influenced by something that is negative. TC

what people don`t know is that Hip Hop isn`t just a type of music, it`s a culture. TC It`s a culture full of original elements, and it`s also a place where people can show others what theyve got and who they are TC

Unlike most of the lyrics out on the market today, Hip Hop contains meaning and it sends a message to anyone who listens to it TC

There are basically four main elements of hip hop which are, MC, Break, Tag, and DJ. And each is represented by millions of people all over the globe. TC

When the four come together, it makes Hip Hop music, and people live the music instead of listening to it. TC

MC-ing is what people know as rapping. The main point of an MC is to make your crowd enjoy your music, and to send a message out to them. TC

The claim that violent lyrics cause violent behavior is neither convincing nor conclusive (United States Senate). TC

Hip-hop is a distinct form of art and expression, just as any other type of music. TC

The violent lyrics made by rappers are a reflection of the violence that takes place in many urban American cities. It is simply unjust to blame rap music lyrics for social violence. TC

Gangsta rap emerged in the late 80’s when crack and gangs ruled the West Coast. TC

Rappers such as Tupac, Snoop Dogg, and Dr. Dre, who have been publicly criticized for their lyrics, grew up in the ghetto, and their words reflect what they have lived through. It is what is often referred to as the “realness TC

Teenagers spend between four and five hours a day listening to music and watching music videos TC

Teenagers spend between four and five hours a day listening to music and watching music videos TC

“It forms the background of car rides and social gatherings, and it also informs the adolescent about the adult world through the lens of artists’ lives, language and role modeling” (Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter 2003). TC

No longer are rock stars the ones that young people look up to. Rather they have been replaced by young hip-hop stars and rappers who drive fast cars, wear expensive jewelry, date beautiful women, and fight amongst themselves to see who can come out on top TC

The lyrics in their songs are harsh TC

They speak of gang life, life in the ghetto, gunfights, drug use, and they often degrade women. TC

As harsh as some of the songs are they are in fact representing the real lives of these artists. TC

They feel that it tells the story of the black man’s struggle. Some also feel that it describes life in the eyes of a black person TC

For example in a song titled "I Kill Children" by rock group Dead Kennedy we hear "I kill children, I love to see them die. I kill children to make their mothers cry. I crush them under my car and I love to hear them scream. I feed them poison candy and spoil their Halloween. I kill children, I bang their heads in doors. I kill children, I can hardly wait for yours." TC

In the album "Hell Awaits" the band Slayer has the lyrics: "No apparent motive. Just kill and kill again. Survive my brutal slashing. I'll hunt you till the end." TC 134 It has to do with order, symmetry, rhythmic patterns, repetition, ideal mathematical form, and harmony. TC <span style="COLOR: #f4258c; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif">Some music has been proven to help memorization TC The American Psychological Association wrote, "Those dreaded piano lessons pay off in unexpected ways: According to a new study, children with music training had significantly better verbal memory TC The right kind can turn depression into joy, anger to calmness, hate to love, and fear to courage. TC David O. McKay said, "Music is truly the universal language, and when it is excellently expressed how deeply it moves our souls!" TC Martin Gardiner, research director at The Music School, theorizes that "learning arts skills forces mental 'stretching' useful to other areas of learningTC

* A study of more than 1,000 gifted students ages from 11-18, found that heavy metal music is used for cathartic releases and to dissipate negative emotions, partially among those with low self-esteem. MH * Some people are more relaxed some are more aggressive MH  147 Similarities between the music of humans and other animals add weight to the idea that music has been around longer than human language, and maybe even longer than humans, say US researchers.M.H
 * Researchers found that patients that listened to harp piano, synthesizer orchestra or slow jazz experienced less post- surgical pain. MH
 * Studies at Universities show that if you listen to violent music you think violent thoughts. MH
 * Heavy Metal has different affects one different people MH
 * Lower school grades with both genders MH
 * Men who listen to heavy metal music are more likely to have more sexual responses to woman MH

music can set your mood but you have to be careful that it does not make you mad or sad you want to be happy.M.H

> In studies kids that took music lessons had better test scores KM > Boys who took music scored higher in verbal memory than a controlled group of students KM

>Music Therapy is good for kid who have autism KM >>It helps them remain calm KM

>In another study when kids who listened to Heavy Metal that we're suicidal had an improvement in mood KM > Sometimes music is used to help kids with Depression KM

>College Students who listened to Alternative, Rock, and Heavy Metal had higher I.Q. scores compared to those who didn't KM >Some studies found that their was higher intelligence in those who listened to Heavy Metal KM

>One other study found that Heavy Metal listeners were more likely to try drugs, but not get addicted KM >Other studies have found no link. KM 161 vothsound and music can be vary effective.M.H music can help whith your memory.M.H music is nown to reduce things like depresion and insominia.M.H misic dose not cure deseases but it dose help alot in aiding healing.M.H music therapy was recanized as an important aspect of medical treatment during the second world war.M.H 166 WASHINGTON - Songs with violent lyrics increase aggression related thoughts and emotions and this effect is directly related to the violence in the lyrics, according to a new study published by the American Psychological Association (APA). TC Music has a lot of unrealistic views of racial and sexual relationships TC Out of 518 videos examined, 76 (15 percent) showed acts of interpersonal violence TC Violent videos showed a mean of six acts of violence per 2-3-minute-long segmentTC 171 White women comprised the largest group of music video victims TC experiments have demonstrated that exposure to sexual violence in music videos and other media desensitizes male viewers to violence against women and heightens a sense of disempowerment among female viewers," TC Surveys conclude that music videos are watched by a majority of teenagers. TC Young minds aren't always capable of separating fiction and reality TC 176 music is used widely in temples and religouse ceremonies all over the world.M.H 177 Music and sound is used in multimedia design as well; playing sounds when you get mail, music when you start up and shut down your computer and especially in cockpit design for aircrafts sound is used to addition of graphical interfaces. M.H 178 || <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica"> || rock music such as AC/DC's "Highway to Hell" and The Rolling Stones' "Brown Sugar" was found to encourage macho posturing and aggressive behavior among male customers.

easy listening and "mushy" music are sometimes used to deter males from a place such as a pub or bar.

violent music helps people relieve stress.

violent music is therapeutic. ||