Save+The+Penguins

[|www.stopanimaltest.com]. 5-7-04 PETA. 11-13-08

Animal Testing; A multi-million dollar operation-TJ U.S. tax dollars fund experiments-TJ EPA requires by law pesticides are tested on dogs-MJ FDA requires companies selling flouride to swab the teeth of at least 200 rats for two weeks-MJ After two weeks rats are killed and baked in oven for two hours-MJ Mars candy company tests on animals-MJ Animals are force fed substances till death-MJ Test results are often not useful/practical-MJ Gov regs require chemicals, vaccines and drugs to be injected into eyes of subjects-MJ Gov tests kill about 2000 animals per test.-MJ Dogs are put into gas chambers to conduct tests-MJ Animals are cut open and forced to live in steel cages for undetermined amounts-MJ Non animal methods are less expensive, more humane, and less time time consuming.-MJ Is it morally okay? "Because theyre not like us"...irrelevant-MJ 115000000 animals are experimented on and killed per year-MJ Stomachs of rats are pumped full of chemicals-MJ Dogs thighs are injected with chemicals-MJ 600 companies have banned all animal tests-TJ Animals are infected with diseases-TJ Tumors grow on tests subjects as big as your fist-TJ Chimpsanzees locked in cages become depressed;eventually losing minds-TJ Kittens are purposely blinded-TJ Video footage is captured, showing cruelty; animals cower when faced by any human-TJ Animals see others die right in front of them-TJ Peta documented rats heads cut off by scissors.-TJ Cats starved and heads are cut into to study deafness-TJ Iams dogs dumped on concrete floor after having muscle cut out of thighs-TJ PETA Investigator documented a live kitten dumped down a drain.-TJ European Union introduced chemical-testing strategy;likely to cause millions of animals to be killed in cruel outdated toxicity tests.-TJ 2003 documented Covance branch in germany to kill thousands of monkeys by deprivation starvation and fear.-TJ 12 million animals used in scientific procedures in European Union each year-TJ

"Balcome" "PETA Media Center." __Alternatives: Testing Without Torture__. 4-05-2005. PETA. 14 Nov 2008 .

ALTERNATIVES
 * cost a fraction of what the animal experiments pay for.-TJ
 * studies of human populations-TJ
 * volunteers-TJ
 * patients-TJ
 * computer-modeling techniques-TJ
 * Pharmagene Laboratories; 1st comp. to use human tissue and computer programs to study-TJ
 * “If you have information on human genes, what’s the point of going back to animals?” -TJ
 * Studies of population tracks the root causes of diseases. -TJ
 * Demographic studies revealed cancer and smoking relationships, not animals-TJ
 * Animal testing involves inducing disease, human testing involves the ill or already dying. -TJ
 * MRI, PET, and CT scans identified cause of schizophrenia-TJ
 * embryonic stem cell test can replace birth defect tests in rabbits-TJ
 * leftover skin from surgeries can be used to test chemical penetration, replacing animals
 * clinical patch test in human volunteers; good alternative to allergy tests-TJ
 * Harvard, Stanford, and Yale, replaced use of live animals in physiology, pharmacology with other methods.-TJ
 * Alternative-cardiac bypass surgery-TJ
 * Patient Simulators-TJ
 * Alternative-patient simulators-TJ
 * Alternative-cadavers -TJ
 * Buying CD programs are cost effective, whereas disposal of animals daily isn’t-TJ
 * Biology undergraduates concurred results by simulated programs were that of actual dissections-TJ
 * Biology computer taught students gained knowledge at faster rate than traditional methods-TJ
 * U.S. Enviro. Protection Agency, FDA, National Toxicology program; all involved in animal testing-TJ
 * 1-800-922-frog- dissection hotline-TJ
 * Alternative loan programs set up for students unavailable to pay for alternative programs-TJ
 * Animal testing can never reproduce human results exactly-TJ
 * Population studies resulted in possible preventions of AIDS
 * 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test, uses cells grown in culture to study photo irritation to the skin-TJ
 * EpiDerm test, used universally as total replacement for skin corrosion studies in rabbits-TJ
 * Those who don’t want animals to be disposable must use alternatives-TJ

[|www.aspca.org] It is thought that almost 90% of animals used for animal testing are mice and rats-EG In 2002 it was calculated that almost 14 million rats and mice were used for testing-EG Almost 15 million mammals were tested the same year (2002)-EG Small animals (rats, rabbits, etc.) are usually kept in shoebox-sized containers made of plastic-EG Often more than one animal is kept in the same box-EG Larger animals like dogs, primates, and cats are kept in wire cages and are usually alone-EG Animals have little or nothing to keep their interest while they are in the cages, so they get bored and lonely-EG Many of the animals are given anesthesia during treatment so they don't feel pain-EG Scientists who do the animal testing say that if a few suffer now, many people and animals will benefit in the future-EG Vaccines have been created by testing on animals-EG Most scientists get animals from animal dealers-EG Some raise animals themselves-EG There are 2 types of animal dealers-EG Class A: usually breed their own animals and sell them to companies who use animal testing-EG Class B: take animals off the street and sell to scientists-EG In all 50 states it is illegal to use stolen animals for research-EG Research scientists do has to be approved by the IACUC (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)-EG If scientists don't follow certain laws regarding animal safety, they are punished-EG Animal Welfare Act (1966) and Health Research Extension Act (1985)- explain that animals used for research must have adequate veternary care, housing, food, and water. -EG To replace live animals, computer simulations and other new technology can be used.-EG People are trying to reduce the number of animals that are tested on.-EG Experiments using animals must be absolutely necessary, or possibly lead to a breakthrough.-EG Improve the conditions in which animals undergoing testing are living in.-EG

http://www.pg.com/science/ria_hs_partnership.shtml P&G (Proctor and Gamble) has a partership with HSUS to stop animal testing altogether.-MJ P&G is promoting anti-animal testing.-MJ Expose cruealty behind tests-MJ Encourage goverment to give money to stop animal testing.-MJ

http://www.pcrm.org/resch/anexp/ Many people find animal testing to be unethical and not always practical-EG There has been a rapid shift from using live animals in testing to non-animal methods recently-EG There are technical advantages to not using animals-EG

http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/2008-02-14-animal-tests_N.htm Environmental Protection Agency, National Institutes of Health, National Toxicology Program- working to create and develop new methods to replace animal testing-EG It is thought that it will take about 10 years before animal testing is replaced with other methods of research-EG New approaches to testing are being worked on now, although developing new technology may take a while-EG Animals are often used to test chemicals in cosmetics-EG Animal testing costs a lot to do, which is why cheaper alternatives should be looked into-EG

http://www.clearleadinc.com/site/cosmetic-animal.html http://pgbeautyscience.com/animal-testing-alternatives.html http://environment.about.com/od/greenlivingdesign/a/animal_testing.htm?iam=momma_100_SKD&terms=animal+testing
 * Avon- first cosmetic company to stop using animal testing-TM
 * animal testing in cosmetics- done for soaps and eye shadows-TM
 * sunscreen products used on guinea pigs-TM
 * 50% of animals tested die less than three weeks after tests are started-TM
 * P&G cosmetics do not use animal testing unless completely necessary-TM
 * they are in favor of eliminating all animal testing in the cosmetics industry-TM
 * they have helped create 50 or more alternatives for testing products-TM
 * governments can mandate that certain products be tested on animals-TM
 * the European Parliment has set a ban, to take effect in 2009, on using any animal testing that has to do with cosmetics-TM
 * the coalation for consumer information on cosmetics (CCIC) has a shopping list for products that have not been tested on animals on it's website-TM
 * animals used for testing- rats, mice, dogs, cats, monkeys, sheeps, hamsters, and guinea pigs are the most common-TM
 * animal testing for chemicals and cosmetics make up almost 20% of the laboratory use of animals-TM
 * as a result of boycotts and protests, more than 500 cosmetic, personal care, and cleaning product companies have stopped animal testing-TM

"Christ Loves Creatures Too." __Argument Against Animal Testing__. 8-20-2003. 14 Nov 2008 <http://www.all-creatures.org/clct/art-antest.html Religious-emotional aspects
 * "All flesh is not the same; men have one kind of flesh, animals have another"-TJ
 * “Creation was made by and for Christ.” -TJ
 * Creation is groaning in anticipation of its liberation, having hope of the resurrection, at the time of the redemption of humankind. -TJ
 * Jesus shed His blood for all things, reconciling creation to God, and all will be under Christ for eternity-TJ
 * The Great Commission presented in Mark 16:15 tells us to preach the Good News to all creation. -TJ
 * "Peaceable Kingdom"-TJ
 * "Rainbow Covenant"-TJ
 * "good" -TJ
 * “He is at the birth of each mountain goat and bear.” -TJ
 * Thousands of Rabbits bred for sole purpose of vivisection experiments-TJ
 * Humans condemn these creatures; blame falls on us-TJ
 * HIV positive chimpanzees don’t get AIDS, not like us-TJ
 * Antibiotics often not interchangeable-TJ
 * Creatures often die in transport from one facility to another-TJ
 * small crating suffocates a large percentage of animals. -TJ
 * Differences don’t exclude emotions, which all feel. -TJ
 * Beagles legs broken to get pain threshold-TJ
 * Vocal chords severed to quiet animals-TJ
 * Treating humans following testing on animals create adverse affects, some unforeseen-TJ
 * Testing membranes of chicken eggs-more effective then testing chickens-TJ
 * Almost all diseases were discovered through autopsies, not animal testing-TJ
 * California, Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Virginia) use existing alternatives to dissection -TJ
 * Tradition is not good reasoning-TJ
 * 5.7 million animals are captured per year for student classes-TJ
 * Rabbits, dogs and cats often stolen from backyards for experimentation. -TJ
 * CBSC workers grab them by metal hooks, forcing into gas chambers-TJ
 * Forcing students to participate is against the first amendment. -TJ
 * Great American Bullfrog model at $268.50-cheaper than supply of them -TJ
 * Digital Frog Interactive CD-ROM AT $150-cheaper than supply of them -TJ
 * BioCam Concise dissection charts frog at $90-A lot cheaper than supplies bought. -TJ
 * Ethical Science Education Coalition loans programs -TJ

[|www.aavs.org/testingBg.html] Products that are created using animal testing: household cleaning products, drugs, medical technology, chemicals, food products-EG

http://www.aboutmyplanet.com/science-technology/animal-testing/____ Only 6% of animal testing is done to aid in medical research-EG Europe hasn't been using products created using animal research since 2002-EG Unreasonable doses of harmful substances are force-fed to animals undergoing testing. The amounts used are unlikely to even occur where the substances were to be used-EG Animals like mice don't always compare very well to humans, so when they are tested the products tested on them may not react to humans in the same way-EG

http://environment.about.com/od/greenlivingdesign/a/animal_testing.htm__ Some animal testing is "voluntary". They don't always need to use live animals when testing products-EG PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) and other o rganizations are protesting against animal testing and suggesting the boycott of companies that use it-EG Over 500 companies producing cosmetics, household cleaners, etc. have stopped using animals for testing-EG

__New Animal Testing Gidelines Developed__. 2008 AAP. 11/13/08 . Computer modeling can be used instead of animal testing-MJ Australia has come up with other alternatives-MJ Mice, pigs, monkeys, rats are tested on - MJ Reducing number of animals - MJ Do a better job of researching so animals aren't in so much pain - MJ But if have to test on animals - it will be as humane as possible - MJ Apparently computers can do just as good a job - MJ

Shandilya, Ranjan. __Animal Testing Pros__. 3/31/08 Buzzle.com. 11/13/08 . 20 million killed anually-MJ 15 million for meds-MJ 5 million are tested on for other things - MJ 10% of animals don't get painkillers - MJ People think we can't move ahead w/o animal testing-MJ "British organization" "complaints made against animal testing are not correct and also that animal testing generates invaluable information"-MJ Testing has helped find vaccines for Polio, mumps, rabies, milaria- MJ Humans and animals have benefitted from this - MJ

__Caring Science__. WALTHAM. 11/13/08 . Mars website says that they use a "caring science" when they test. - MJ they simulate environments for dogs, cats, and birds - MJ But apparently they use the three Rs: replacement, testing without animals, reduction, less animals, and refinement, less stress and pain for animals. - MJ They simulate gardens for dogs, mimic seasons, they "simulate play" for dogs - MJ

__Mars' Gristly secret: Candymaker kills animals__. PETA. 11/13/08 . Mars tests aren't necessary --- the law doesn't make them do them - MJ Hershey's doesn't test on animals-MJ Tests not "reliable"-MJ

Dixon, Thomas. __Animal Experimentation__. June 28, 2000 IDEA Inc.. 11/13/08 . Animal testing gives us info on how to treat certain diseases (like AIDS) and cancer - MJ Testing helps learn more about animals and people - MJ To test medicine, cosmetics, surgery procedures - MJ To reduce human suffering - MJ "So that if there is a decent chance that an experiment will result in an important medical breakthrough that will reduce human suffering an death then it is justifiable to allow animal suffering" - MJ Humans share around 99% genes with chmpanzees and little less with other monkeys - MJ Others see animals to be lowere than humans - MJ Animal testing is only used if the alternatives don't work Animal testing can't be banned. Then research for drugs will come to a halt - MJ Lipstick and mascara aren't tested on animals anymore - MJ

__About Animal Testing__. 2000-2008 About Animal Testing. 11/13/08 . Sunscreen and cleaners for contacts are "cosmetics" - MJ Have inspections to see if labs are clean, following protocol etc. - MJ Animals are checked on to see if getting care - MJ Testers are normally well trained and have to pass tests on animal care during tests - MJ Cages are checked to make sure they are secure, safe, and clean - MJ " The mild category involves a minor level of distress to the animal but generally does not result in a significant change from the animal's prior state of health" - MJ The unclassified category is when animal is unconscious during the experiment and killed before he/she can even wake up - no pain -MJ Activists say you can't really tell if animal is suffering - MJ "Who support its use for advancing medicine and protecting humans from product harm"-MJ

Gaul, Gilbert. "In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals." __The Washington Post__ 12 April 2008: cols. 7. Botox is tested on mice - MJ Botox is put into mice until at least 50% dies ("Lethal Dose 50") - MJ Poisoned to death - MJ "Lethal Dose 50" is required - MJ congress made a panel to develop non-animal tests - MJ 181 alternative tests out if the 185 were not passed - MJ Animals are tested for cleaners, pesticides, sunscreens, and etc. - MJ "It's shocking to look back and see how little we have accomplished," said Sara Amundson- MJ 15 federal agencies make up panel - MJ Panel called: ICCVAM (Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods)-MJ Europe has a panel like this but they have approved 34 alternatives - MJ Also Europe has 170 "in the pipeline" - MJ "Critics say the US panel is slow and favors older animal tests that have never gone through the same scientific review" - MJ One alternative in the US has approved 1 alternative that has saved "at least 36,000 animals annually" - MJ panel says "unfair" to compare Europe to US because has different rules and laws different - MJ Some officials and scientists have left their proposals because reviews are expensive - MJ Panel members accused and are biased in favor of animal tests - MJ One panel member asked how they could "combat these papers" on an alternative - MJ Panel made 5-year plan "promoting research development" and "acceptance of alternative test methods"-MJ "...there are no federal reporting requirements for mice and rate, which account for most of the animals used in product testing"-MJ Alternatives will give more data - MJ Animals used to see what could potentially hurt a PERSON - MJ People keep using testing because it's a "comfort levelt" - MJ Many firms have stopped using lethal dose 50 to use fewer animals - MJ Amount of animals in testing down 1/3 - MJ 2005 Humane Society wanted review, 2006 panel of scientists sent in a draft report, meeting in 2007, still no answer-MJ Panel rejected alternatives that Europe been using -MJ Panel doesn't understand "limitations" of animal testing - MJ Europe has "been moving away from animal testing more 20 years ago-MJ Europe banned animal tests on cosmetics - MJ Made rules about testing with chemicals - MJ ECVAM (Europe's panel) 60 employees, budget of 25 million (10x of US) - MJ ECVAM develops and researches other methods - MJ "Science is moving ahead" animal tests aren't - MJ